Bio Mass Energy


 
 
Concept Explanation
 

Bio Mass Energy

Energy From Biomass:

What is biomass? In the context of energy production, biomass is any organic matter from which we can get energy on a renewable basis.

It includes agricultural residues, wood, animal excreta, wastes from food processing and municipal wastes. Agricultural residues include straw, hay and husk. Waste from food  processing includes bagasse, which is the residue left after extracting the juice from sugar cane. Cow dung (gobar) has been a traditional biomass fuel in our country. Since plants trap solar energy in the form of food, and animals eat plants, the ultimate source of biomass energy is the sun

Wood:

Wood has been a major source of energy since man discovered fire. It is still used widely as a fuel for cooking and heating. In many Indian homes, food is cooked on stoves that use biomass fuels such as wood. Such a stove is called a chulha. A traditional chulha operates at a very low efficiency. Hardly 10% of the energy contained in the wood is utilized. Also, it does not burn the wood completely, which causes a lot of smoke. Indian scientists have designed several 'smokeless' chulhas. These produce much less smoke, and the fuel is more efficiently utilized.

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Sample Questions
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Question : 1

Biogas can be produced in a biogas plant by using ________________.

Right Option : D
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Question : 2

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) Indian scientists have designed several 'smokeless' chulhas.

(b) Cattle dung has not been traditionally used as a fuel in India.

(c) Biogas can be produced in a biogas plant by using cattle dung, sewage, agricultural residues.

Right Option : C
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Question : 3

Which of the following are correct ?

(a) The bacteria decomposes wet biomass in an oxygen-free anaerobic environment to produce a combustible mixture of gases, called biogas. 

(b) Biogas can contain up to 75% methane, 23% carbon dioxide and 2% other gases, including hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide.

(c) Charcoal produces much less smoke than wood.

Right Option : D
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